A Few Facts About Glaucoma

Glaucoma is an eye disease in which the normal fluid pressure inside the eye rises above normal. The rise in pressure is caused by decreased drainage out of the eye. As the pressure rises, the optic nerve and other nerve tissue in the eye is damaged.

Nearly 3 million Americans have glaucoma. Some people are at higher risk. Among these are: African Americans age 40 and older, people over the age of 60, those with family history of glaucoma, and people with diabetes. To catch the early symptoms of glaucoma, it is recommended that people who are age 40 or older should have an eye check-up by an ophthalmologist or a physician eye specialist every 2 to 3 years. A yearly check-up is recommended for those who have a family history of glaucoma. The pressure in the eye is checked by placing an instrument unto the surface of the eye. The test is painless.

Glaucoma usually starts without any symptoms. Later, there is some loss of side vision. Objects straight ahead are seen clearly, but objects to the side are missed. As the disease worsens, the ability to see objects on the side is increasingly lost. Glaucoma is treated with eye drops or pills. These drugs work to either make less fluid or to improve its drainage out of the eye. Laser or surgery are later options. Glaucoma is a life-long or chronic health problem. Regular check-ups by an ophthalmologist is needed to watch for changes in pressure and side vision.

If you are at high risk for glaucoma, or you have concerns about your eyes, speak to your Primary Care Provider. He/she can help you make the decision if a follow-up by an ophthalmologist is appropriate for you.